Oral cancer is a type of cancer that can develop in the mouth, lips, tongue, gums, cheeks, roof of the mouth, or throat. Like many forms of cancer, early detection is extremely important. When found early, oral cancer is often easier to treat and may lead to better outcomes.
Many people are unaware of the warning signs of oral cancer because symptoms can seem minor at first. A sore in the mouth that does not heal, persistent pain, or changes in the appearance of the mouth may not seem serious, but they should not be ignored.
Common signs and symptoms of oral cancer include:
- A sore in the mouth that does not heal
- Red or white patches inside the mouth
- Difficulty chewing or swallowing
- Persistent mouth pain
- A lump in the mouth or neck
- Loose teeth
- Changes in the voice
- Numbness in the lips or tongue
Several factors can increase the risk of oral cancer. Tobacco use, including cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and vaping, is one of the biggest risk factors. Heavy alcohol use can also increase risk, especially when combined with tobacco use. Other risk factors include excessive sun exposure to the lips, HPV infection, and a family history of cancer.
You can help reduce your risk of oral cancer by:
- Avoiding tobacco products
- Limiting alcohol use
- Wearing lip balm with SPF
- Eating a healthy diet
- Visiting the dentist regularly
- Paying attention to changes in your mouth
Regular dental visits are important because dentists can often spot early signs of oral cancer during routine exams. If you notice any unusual symptoms that last longer than two weeks, it is important to see a healthcare provider or dentist for further evaluation.
Oral Cancer Awareness Month is a reminder that small symptoms should not be ignored. Early detection, healthy habits, and routine screenings can make a major difference in protecting your health.